Hauv kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub cov ntaub ntawv txuj ci, polymers nyob ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Polymers, uas yog, cov pa hluav taws siab, tuaj yeem cais ntau txoj hauv kev raws li lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov qauv.
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm kev faib tawm, polymers tuaj yeem faib ua cov polymers thiab hluavtaws polymers. Cov polymers yog dav tam sim no hauv xwm. Piv txwv li, cellulose, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tivthaiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm tes, muab ntau cov khoom tseem ceeb rau tib neeg. Ntawv, daim ntaub, thiab lwm yam yog ua raws lub hauv paus ntawm cellulose. Tseem muaj protein, uas yog tus neeg muag khoom loj ntawm lub neej ua si thiab ua ntau txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov muaj sia, los ntawm cov qauv kev txhawb nqa rau kev sib raug zoo.
Cov hluavtaws polymers yog artificially synthesized polymers. Muaj ntau ntau hom polymers uas tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov teb sib txawv. Noj cov plastics raws li ib qho piv txwv, polyethylene yog ib qho hluavtaws hluavtaws polymer. Nws muaj qhov yooj zoo hloov kho thiab corrosion tsis kam. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam ntim, xws li ntim cov khoom noj khoom haus. Polypropylene tseem yog cov hluavtaws siv hluav taws xob hluavtaws. Nws muaj lub siab tawv thiab ua tau zoo hauv kev tsim cov tsev ntawm cov tsev thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Raws li cov cua sov hluav taws xob ntawm cov polymers, lawv tuaj yeem faib ua thermoplastic polymers thiab thickosetting polymers. Thermoplaslamic polymers soften lossis yaj thaum muaj kuab yas, qhov twg tuaj yeem ua tau ntau zaus, thiab tuaj yeem ua tau ntau zaus, thiab lwm yam. Ib zaug tsim, lawv yuav tsuas decompose thaum rhuab dua, xws li Phenolic Resin, uas feem ntau siv los ua hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam.
Raws li cov qauv ntawm cov molecular chart, polymers tseem tuaj yeem muab faib ua linear polymers, branched polymers thiab hla-txuas polymers. Tawm Polymer Molecular Chains yog cov saw ncaj, brancher polymer molecular cov qauv polymer yog txuas nrog los ntawm cov qauv tshuaj sib txuas lus.
Nkag siab txog kev faib tawm polymers yuav pab peb nkag siab zoo thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv polymer polymer thiab txhawb nqa kev txhim kho thiab kev nce qib ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam.